theological reasons51 and, within the context of his emphasis that God’s covenant was perpetual (not just “made with our fathers … but with us”), ties the Sabbath law as a covenant together with the supreme covenant of God manifested by the Exodus and sealed by the giving of the law at Sinai. In short, the reasons for the Sabbath law are twofold: vertical and horizontal, theological and social.52 From the first giving of the Sabbath law within the context of the wilderness journey to